Cohesive Devices in Transition Verses of Manoochehri's Ode

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Master's Degree in Persian Language and Literature

2 Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Tarbiat Modares University

3 Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature/University of Kashan

10.22099/jba.2023.46349.4339

Abstract

Cohesion is significant in creating cohesive texts. Cohesive Devices can be divided to lexical and grammatical factors, each having subcategories. Using cohesive devices in literary texts is quantitatively and qualitatively different to other texts. Yet parts of literary texts such as transition-verses in odes, better demonstrate this difference as the poet attempts to further link the beginning of the ode to the body. Using a descriptive-analytical method, this study investigates the cohesive devices in transition verses of a Khorasani-style representative, Manoochehri. Moreover, based on previous research, an attempt has been made to create a model for examining cohesion in Persian poetry. It was also revealed that 41 of the 57 odes extracted from Manoochehri's poem collection include transition verses. In general, 1007 cohesive devices were discovered in the transition verses of Manoochehri's odes, with lexical cohesive devices (82.32%) outnumbering grammatical cohesive devices (17.67%). Among the subcategories of grammatical cohesive devices, references (11.81%) played the most important role in making this poet’s transition verses cohesive, while conjunctions (0.89%) played the least important role. Collocations (50.54%) were the most frequent lexical cohesive device, whereas syntactic parallelisms (1.29%) were the least frequent.

Keywords

References

Azadian, Shahram and Khabazaha, Reza (2011). " A critical approach on apt-transitions in Persian panegyric Odes up to the seventh century ", Persian Literature Magazine, Volume 2, Number 2, pp. 67-82.
Ishani, Tahereh (2014). "Comparative analysis of Cohesion devices in the Two Sonnets of Hafez and Saadi and Its Effect on the Text Cohesion," Journal of Research in Language, No. 10, pp. 36-9.
Ahmadipour Anari, Zahra (2015). "Methods of Transition in Praise and Criteria of its Criticism in the Poem," Journal of Persian Language and Literature Research, No. 41, pp. 133-153.
Ahmadi Givi, Hassan and Anvari, Hassan (2017). Persian Grammar 2, Second Volume, Ninth Edition, Tehran: Fatemi.
BehjOo, Zohreh (1377). "Coding Scheme of Coherence Tools in the Persian Language," Farhang Magazine, No. 25 and 26, pp. 189-211.
BehjOo, Zohreh (1382). "The Cohesive Relationship of Substitution in Farsi," Farhang Magazine, No. 46 and 47, pp. 71-80.
Taki, Giti (1378). "Continuity and Coherence of the Text in Farsi Language," Sistan and Baluchistan University Journal of Humanities, No. 8, pp. 129-140.
Khabazaha, Reza (1389). "Compound Rhetorical Constructions and Their Use in Transiting to Praise," Journal of Literary Studies, No. 14, pp. 111-130.
Zokai Baizaei, Nematullah (1364). Criticism of Poetry, Tehran: Ma publication.
Shiri, Ali Akbar (1382). " devices of Cohesion in the Persian Language," Persian Language and Literature Teaching Development Magazine, 17th year, Number 68, pp. 9-15.
Shafi'i Kadkani, Mohammad Reza (2011). Poetry Music, 13th Edition, Tehran: Agah.
Safa, Zabihullah (1392). History of Iranian Literature (Summary of the First and Second Volumes), Twenty-ninth Edition, Tehran: Ghoghnous.
 
Safavi, Koresh (2018). An Introduction to Semantics, 6th Edition, Tehran: Sureh Mehr.
Farshidvard, Khosrow (2003). Detailed Order of Today, First edition, Tehran: Sokhan.
Fowler, Roger (2016). Style and Language in Literary Criticism, Translated by Maryam Musharraf, Tehran: Sokhan.
Garakani, Mohammad Hossein Shams Ulama (1998). Abdaa al-Badaye, by Hossein Jafari, with an Introduction by Jalil Tajilil, First Edition, Tabriz: Ahrar.
Mahjoub, Mohammad Jaafar (Bita). Khorasani Style in Persian Poetry, First Edition, Tehran: Ferdos.
Manoochehri Damghani, Abul-Najm Ahmad bin Qus bin Ahmad (1984). Diwan Manoochehri Damghani, by the efforts of Mohammad Dabir Siaghi, Tehran: Zavar bookstore.
Mohajer, Mehran and Nabavi, Mohammad (1376). Towards the Linguistics of Figurative Poetry, Tehran: Markaz.
Mohammadi, Hossein (2012). A comparative Analysis of the Cohesion devices in the Types of Prose and Technical Prose in Ancient Persian Texts Based on Parts of Qaboosnameh, Siasatnameh, Kelile-and-Demneh, and Marzbannameh, Ph.D. Thesis in Persian Language and Literature, Tarbiat Modarres University, Faculty of Literature and Humanities.
Nowrozi, Hamed (2016). Investigating the Role of Reference and Lexical Cohesion in the Vertical Axis of Poetry (with Emphasis on Khaqani Poems), Master's thesis, Persian Language and Literature, Tarbiat Modarres University, Faculty of Humanities.
Nowrozi, Hamed and Gholam Hosseinzadeh, Gholam Hossein (2009). "The Role of Personal Reference and Demonstrative Reference in the Cohesion of Persian Prosodic Poetry, "Journal of Literary Research, No. 19, pp. 117-138.
 
Nowrozi, Hamed and Gholam Hosseinzadeh, Gholam Hossein (2008). "The Role of Comparative Reference in the Cohesion of Persian Prosodic Poetry," Journal of Literary Research, No. 25, pp. 114-91.
Nowrozi, Hamed and Gholam Hosseinzadeh, Gholam Hossein (2008). "The Role of Temporal Relation devices in Cohesion of the Text," Kavosh Nameh Journal of Persian Language and Literature, No. 19, pp. 122-97.
Nowrozi, Hamed and Gholam Hosseinzadeh, Gholam Hossein (2010). "The Role of Phonetic Repetition in Lexical Cohesion of Persian Prosodic Poetry," Journal of Literature and Language, No. 27, pp. 251-282.
Nazari, Alireza et al. (2011). "Text Linguistics and Coherence Model in Old Arabic Syntactic, Rhetorical, and Critical Opinions," Arabic Journal of Adab, No. 3, pp. 112-83.
Homayi, Jalaluddin (2010). Rhetoric Techniques and Literary Industries, First Edition, Tehran, Ahura
Halliday, Michael and Hasan, Rughayeh (2014). Language, texture and text dimensions of language from the perspective of social semiotics, translated by Mohsen Nobakht, Tehran: Siahroud.
Halliday, Michael and Hasan, Rughayeh (2014). Language, texture and text, aspects of language in a socio-semiotic perspective, translated by Mojtaba Monshizadeh and Tahereh Ishani, Second Edition, Tehran: Elmi Publication.
Yavari, Fatemeh, et al. (2018). "Lexical and grammatical Cohision with an Approach to Repeated Words in Diwan of Manoochehri," Two Quarterly Journal of literary sciences, Number 13, pp. 155-183.
Halliday, M. A. K. & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. London: Longman.
Halliday, M. A. K. & Hasan, R. ( 1989). Language, Context and Text: Aspects of Language in a Social-Semiotic Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Perss.
Halliday, M. A. K. & Matthiessen, C. M. L. M. (2014). Halliiday's introduction to functional grammar (4th edition). London & New York: Routledge.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics