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Hidden Equivoques Based on Musical Terms in Hafez’s Divan

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, ATU, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Equivoque, or “Iham-e Tanasob” in Persian, is one of the important stylistic features of Hafez’s poetry. Hafez was familiar with the world of music and by using musical terms, he created hidden and overt equivoques in his poetry. In his Divan, some less frequent musical terms are placed next to the more frequent terms in such a way that they make equivoques; however, since readers are not able to realize them in the first reading, some of these terms remain hidden and unknown in Hafez’s poems. In this essay, the researchers, after classifying the musical terms used in Hafez’s Divan and explaining the new type, i.e., the musical terms with hidden equivoques, try to interpret less frequent musical terms such as “charkh” (cycle), soul, glass, lover, speech, beloved, breeze, “negar” (beloved), union, “shahanshahi and shahi” (kingdom), “shekan” (curl), “shekan dar shekan” (curl on curl), and “shammameh” (lampstand). These terms are placed along well-known terms such as “pardeh” (musical tone), well-singing, song, Barbat and Ney (two musical instruments) in such a way as they make hidden equivoques. The discovery of these hidden equivoques increases the readers’ artistic pleasure from Hafez’s poems.
 
 

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References
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Journal of Poetry Studies (boostan Adab)
Volume 16, Issue 4 - Serial Number 62
March 2025
Pages 67-80
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