Document Type : short article

Author

• mohammad hadi khaleghzadeh

Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature of Islamic Azad University, Yasouj Branch, Yasouj, Iran

Abstract

Nightingale, as a singing bird, which is also known as Zandkhavan, Zandbaf and Zandavaf, has a special place in Persian literature. Ferdowsi, in the beginning of Rostam and Esfandiar Biti's story, it is mentioned as follows:
I heard a story from the nightingale
which reads from the ancient saying

In this introduction, Bulbul is considered as the narrator of Esfandiar's story. For the first time, Jalal Khaleghi-Mutlaq raises a hypothesis that could this nightingale not the bird nightingale be the title of a narrator who has reached the status of a master in narrating the story? After that, evidences have been given by the researchers that among different nations, the narrator, Shahnameh reader, and Gusans are referred to as "nightingale". While introducing past evidences and previous quotes, this researcher has obtained new evidences that will be analyzed in this article. This short article, written with a descriptive-analytical method, has come to the conclusion that, in addition to the fact that Bulbul is the nickname or adjective of a narrator in the introduction of Rostam and Esfandiar, in Kazakhstan, Pakistan, India, Uzbekistan, Poland and Iran, this nickname is for Gosan. There have been and until recently it was well known in some cities of Iran, including Shiraz, whose documents are included in the text of the article.

Keywords

• "Nightingale"
• "Ravi"
• "Rostam and Esfandiar"
• "Shahname Ferdowsi"
• "Gusans"

Main Subjects

• متون حماسی