Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• zeynab barzegarmaher ¹
• Khodabakhsh Asadollahi ²

¹ Phd of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

² Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

Abstract

This study uses a qualitative approach and deductive content analysis to examine the behavioral elements in Parvin E’tesami’s allegorical poems through the lens of Albert Bandura’s social-cognitive learning theory. The research sample consists of fifty purposefully selected allegorical poems that best align with Bandura’s theoretical components. Findings reveal that the ethical symbols in Parvin’s poetry provide a fertile ground for mental encoding, behavior modification, and social-cognition enhancement. Her allegories closely correspond to Bandura’s concept of observational learning, and the structure of her poems generally matches the stages of social learning. Key components such as “vicarious punishment,” “reciprocal determinism,” and “ripple effect” are prevalent in most of the selected pieces. Moreover, “intrinsic motivation” emerges as the most prominent learning factor in the sample, underscoring the poet’s emphasis on the continuity of the learning process despite social adversities. Overall, Parvin E’tesami’s allegorical poems function as an indirect yet effective literary action that actively engages the audience in learning and instills favorable social norms into their conscious awareness.

Keywords

• Etesami
• analogy
• Bandura
• learning
• psychology

Main Subjects

• نقد